Coal Chemical Industry

Coal chemical industry refers to the process of converting coal into gas, liquid and solid fuels and chemicals through chemical processing using coal as raw material. It mainly includes coal gasification, liquefaction, dry distillation, tar processing and calcium carbide acetylene chemical industry.

It mainly includes coal gasification, liquefaction, dry distillation, tar processing and calcium carbide acetylene chemical industry. As the world's oil resources continue to decrease, coal chemical industry has broad prospects.

Among the available production technologies for coal chemical industry, coking is the earliest applied process, and it is still an important part of the chemical industry to this day.

Coal gasification plays an important role in coal chemical industry. It is used to produce various gaseous fuels. It is a clean energy source and is conducive to improving people's living standards and environmental protection. The synthesis gas produced by coal gasification is synthetic liquid fuels, chemical raw materials, etc. raw materials for the product.

Direct liquefaction of coal, i.e. high-pressure hydroliquefaction of coal, can produce man-made petroleum and chemical products. In times of oil shortages, coal liquefaction products will replace natural oil.

The development and application of coal chemical industry began in the second half of the 18th century, and a complete coal chemical industry system was formed in the 19th century. In the 20th century, many organic chemicals using agricultural and forestry products as raw materials were mostly produced using coal as raw materials, and coal chemical industry became an important part of the chemical industry.

After the Second World War, the petrochemical industry developed rapidly, and the production of many chemicals shifted from using coal as raw material to oil and natural gas, thus weakening the status of coal chemical industry in the chemical industry.

After entering the 21st century, with the turmoil in the global oil market and the rise in oil prices, coal has received more and more attention as a resource with huge reserves and a potential substitute for oil. The chemical structure of organic matter in coal is a macromolecular structure with aromatic-based fused rings as the unit core, interconnected by bridge bonds, and with various functional groups. fuels and chemicals.

The chemical structure of organic matter in coal during processing is based on aromatic-based fused rings as the unit core, and is processed by bridge bonds.

The macromolecular structure with interconnected and various functional groups can transform coal into various fuels and chemical products through thermal processing and catalytic processing.

In various chemical processing processes of coal, coking is the earliest and still the most important method. Its main purpose is to prepare coke for metallurgy, and at the same time, by-produce gas and aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and naphthalene; Chemical also plays an important role in coal chemical industry, used to produce city gas and various fuel gas (widely used in machinery, building materials and other industries), and also used to produce synthesis gas (as raw material for synthetic ammonia, synthetic methanol, etc.); Coal low-temperature dry distillation, coal direct liquefaction and coal indirect liquefaction mainly produce liquid fuels, which were developed in the first half of the 20th century. Pause, currently there are only indirect coal liquefaction plants in South Africa; other direct chemical processing of coal, such as the production of montan wax, sulfonated coal, humic acid and activated carbon, still has small-scale applications.