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At the beginning of the 20th century, what was the progress in foreign research on ammonia synthesis catalysts

Oct. 14, 2023

 In the early 20th century, after the successful development of iron-based ammonia synthesis catalysts by researchers like Harber and Mittasch, continuous research and development on these catalysts persisted. 

This research has been ongoing up to the present day.Almquist and others explored the relationship between the activity of pure iron catalysts and their oxidation state (before reduction). They found that the Fe2+/Fe3+ molar ratio close to 0.5, resembling the composition of the Fe3O4 phase, exhibited the highest activity. Bridger and colleagues further studied iron catalysts with Al2O3-K2O dual promoters. 

Under conditions of 10.13 MPa, 450°C, and a space velocity of 1×104h-1,they obtained similar results with a molar ratio of 0.52, showing the highest conversion efficiency.

In 1979, the British company ICI pioneered the addition of cobalt oxide promoters, successfully creating Fe2Co catalysts. This addition led to a significant enhancement in activity and found successful applications in the ICI2AMV process.

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